Ploidy manipulation and induction of alternate cleavage patterns through inhibition of centrosome duplication in the early zebrafish embryo

Results : A heat pulse at a later time point during the first cell cycle (22 mpf, HS2) results in a high (>80%) frequency of embryos exhibiting a precise one‐cell division stall during the second cell cycle, inducing whole genome duplication. Coupled with haploid production, HS2 generates viable gynogenetic diploids with yields up to 4 times higher than those achieved through standard Heat Shock. The cell cycle delay also causes blastomere cleavage pattern variations, supporting a role for cytokinesis in spindle orientation during the following cell cycle. 相似文献   

Sociality and the telencephalic distribution of corticotrophin‐releasing factor,urocortin 3, and binding sites for CRF type 1 and type 2 receptors: A comparative study of eusocial naked mole‐rats and solitary Cape mole‐rats

Various aspects of social behavior are influenced by the highly conserved corticotrophin‐releasing factor (CRF) family of peptides and receptors in the mammalian telencephalon. This study has mapped and compared the telencephalic distribution of the CRF receptors, CRF₁ and CRF₂, and two of their ligands, CRF and urocortin 3, respectively, in African mole‐rat species with diametrically opposed social behavior. Naked mole‐rats live in large eusocial colonies that are characterized by exceptional levels of social cohesion, tolerance, and cooperation in burrowing, foraging, defense, and alloparental care for the offspring of the single reproductive female. Cape mole‐rats are solitary; they tolerate conspecifics only fleetingly during the breeding season. The telencephalic sites at which the level of CRF₁ binding in naked mole‐rats exceeds that in Cape mole‐rats include the basolateral amygdaloid nucleus, hippocampal CA3 subfield, and dentate gyrus; in contrast, the level is greater in Cape mole‐rats in the shell of the nucleus accumbens and medial habenular nucleus. For CRF₂ binding, the sites with a greater level in naked mole‐rats include the basolateral amygdaloid nucleus and dentate gyrus, but the septohippocampal nucleus, lateral septal nuclei, amygdalostriatal transition area, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, and medial habenular nucleus display a greater level in Cape mole‐rats. The results are discussed with reference to neuroanatomical and behavioral studies of various species, including monogamous and promiscuous voles. By analogy with findings in those species, we speculate that the abundance of CRF₁ binding in the nucleus accumbens of Cape mole‐rats reflects their lack of affiliative behavior. J. Comp. Neurol. 523:2344–2371, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

大黄对雌性幼年大鼠血清GnRH、LH、FSH、P、E2水平的影响

目的：：观察大黄水提物对雌性幼年大鼠血清促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)、黄体生成素(LH)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、孕酮(P)、雌二醇(E2)水平的影响。方法：4周龄雌性SD大鼠20只,随机分为正常对照组和大黄水提物2.0g/kg组,每组10只,连续灌胃给药30天。采用ELISA法检测各组大鼠血清GnRH、LH、FSH、P、E2的水平。结果：与正常对照组大鼠比较,大黄水提物2.0g/kg组大鼠GnRH、P、E2激素水平明显降低(P＜0.05),LH、FSH激素水平明显升高(P＜0.05)。结论：大黄水提物可明显影响雌性幼年大鼠下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴的激素水平。     

热预处理对超负荷训练大鼠心肌蛋白激酶C表达的影响

目的观察热预处理(HP)对超负荷训练大鼠心肌蛋白激酶C(PKC)δ、PKCε表达的影响。方法 3月龄雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠25只分为对照组(n=5)、训练组(n=10)和HP组(n=10)。超负荷训练8周后应用免疫组化法、Real-time PCR和Western blotting检测心肌组织PKCδ、PKCε表达。结果三种检测方法均显示,训练组大鼠心肌PKCδ表达较对照组和HP组增高(P0.05)。Real-time PCR与免疫组化检测结果显示,训练组PKCε表达低于对照组和HP组(P0.05);Western blotting结果显示三组PKCε表达无显著性差异(P0.05)。结论在热预处理心肌保护效应中,PKC可能发挥了重要的作用。     

刘凤斌教授治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎的病例系列挖掘分析和经验总结

为总结刘凤斌教授中医药治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎的理论思想和临床经验,采用回顾性病例系列研究和专家访谈结合设计,首先回顾2009—2013年在广州中医药大学第一附属医院就诊的慢性萎缩性胃炎患者资料,提取所用中药、疾病、证型、医疗费用和药物数量等信息,数据整理后采用统计描述和二分类Logistic回归分析确定证型和初步的主药及加减变化,统计时同时进行全集和亚组分析;然后进行专家访谈讨论形成最终的证型及用药。结果共收集到228例慢性萎缩性胃炎患者资料,年龄(50.30±10.18)岁,男性151例(66.23%),女性77例(33.77%)。157例患者提取到中医诊断和证型信息,其中胃痞和胃脘痛各115和23例,缺失19例,包含脾胃虚弱证、脾虚湿热证、脾胃不和证、肝郁脾虚证、肝胃不和证、气阴不足证患者12,57,18,23,21,26例。整体228例患者共用104味中药,亚组157例患者共用94味中药,总结各组前15味中药形成初步的治疗主药和加减变化。然后,使用亚组157例患者资料,以各证型为因变量,纳入前32味中药进行Logistic回归分析,形成各证型下的加减用药变化。专家评阅修改后认为病因与饮食、情绪、体虚有关,病机是"脾虚气滞,热郁络瘀",并确定以上6种证型和12味治疗主药,包括太子参、茯苓、白术、甘草、浙贝母、海螵蛸、大腹皮、枳壳、紫苏梗、白花蛇舌草、半枝莲、醋莪术。该研究基于临床实践数据和专家访谈信息总结了刘凤斌教授中医药治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎的思想经验,设计严谨,具有良好的科学性和实用性。     

强直性脊柱炎寒热证候的脊柱结构损伤特点

目的 探讨强直性脊柱炎(AS)的寒、热证候脊柱结构损伤特点及其与患者一般情况、症状、体征、实验室检查等因素的相关性.方法 60例AS患者辨证分为寒证组与热证组各30例.比较两组患者的脊柱结构损伤(mSASSS)评分,并对患者的mSASSS评分与年龄、性别、病程、骶髂关节X线分级等体征及实验室检查结果进行相关性分析. 结果 寒证组AS患者mSASSS评分较热证组高(P＜0.05);寒证组的mSASSS评分与年龄、病程、骶髂关节X线分级、Bath强直性脊柱炎功能指数、枕墙距、指地距、颌柄距呈正相关(P＜0.05),与胸廓活动度、Schober试验呈负相关(P＜0.05);热证组mSASSS评分与血沉、C反应蛋白呈正相关(P＜0.05).结论 寒证组的AS患者脊柱结构损伤程度较热证组重,热证组患者的脊柱结构损伤程度可能与炎症存在一定的相关性.     

瞿幸辨证治疗荨麻疹74例

目的:观察瞿幸教授辨证治疗荨麻疹的临床疗效.方法:选取荨麻疹患者74例,所有患者均给予辨证治疗,主要分为风寒束表、风热犯表、脾胃不和、血虚受风等证.结果:74例患者中,痊愈19例,显效28例,有效18例,无效9例,有效率为62.16％.结论:中医辨证治疗荨麻疹具有确切的临床疗效.     

中医辨治经间期出血

经间期出血主要证型有:阴虚内热证、湿热下注证、瘀血内阻证、阳虚不固证、肝失疏泄证、气虚失摄证。其治疗应注意阴阳并补、注重补血、分期用药、重视脾肾,重点在于保障阴阳转化的顺利,不止血而血自止。